Brining
Seasoning from the inside
Salt in a brine moves into the meat and seasons it through, not just at the surface. Buttermilk adds acidity, which tenderizes the outer layer without turning the meat to mush. The practical rule is time: too short and nothing happens, too long and the texture goes soft. The recipes give windows rather than a single number, and the window depends on whether you are brining strips or bone-in pieces.